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Preventing MAC Flooding and Spoofing Attacks Fortunately, there are several ways to thwart MAC flooding and spoofing attacks. This causes the switch to forward frames out the incorrect port. A MAC spoofing attack consists of generating a frame from a malicious host borrowing a legitimate source MAC address already in use on the VLAN. MAC Spoofing Attacks All MAC flooding tools force a switch to “fail open” to later perform selective MAC spoofing attacks.
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The presence of the group bit is legitimate only when present in a destination MAC address. Switches should not learn source addresses whose group bit is set. This indicates a group address, which is normally exclusively used by multicast traffic. Look at the low-order (far-right) bit of each MAC address. Actually, it is no accident that the switch did not learn those addresses.They all have something in common. However, the tool also generated traffic from MAC addresses 2b:e:b:46:a8:50, DB:AD:AA:2D:AC:E9, and 89:63:d:a:13:87. What happened?Īnswer… If you look at the MAC addresses that the switch learned, you see CE:56:EE:19:85:1A and 3A:50:DB:3f:E9:C2. Question ? Bridging Table After Macof Operation Only three entries appear, even though macof was asked to generate five entries. Question ? Macof is running on a computer in VLAN 5, When switch starts flooding what will happen to the frames coming from other VLAN ports ? At this point in time, all communication between 00:00:CAFE:00:00 and B now become public because of the flooding condition that macof created. When the second frame arrives (source MAC Y), it overwrites the entry pointing to B. When the first frame with source MAC address Y arrives on port Fa0/3, it overwrites the 00:00:CAFE:00:00 entry. The tool sends Ethernet frames to random destinations, each time modifying the source MAC address.
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What happens when a switch does not have room to store a new MAC address? And what happens if an entry that was there 2 seconds ago was just overwritten by another entry?įorced Flooding MAC Flooding Attacks Host C starts running macof. High-end LAN switches can store hundreds of thousands of entries, while entry-level products peak at a few hundred.įorcing an Excessive Flooding Condition MAC Flooding Attacks If a switch does not have an entry pointing to a destination MAC address, it floods the frame. This information is crucial to a LAN hacker. Because each entry occupies a certain amount of memory, it is practically impossible to design a switch with infinite capacity. MAC Flooding Attacks Virtually all LAN switches on the market come with a finite-size bridging table. Defeating a Learning Bridge’s Forwarding Process Exploiting the Bridging Table: MAC Flooding Attacks MAC Flooding Alternative: MAC Spoofing Attacks